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近日，國務院印(yin)發《“十四五(wu)”節能減排綜合工作方案(an)》（以下簡(jian)稱《方案(an)》）

《方(fang)案》指出(chu)，以習(xi)近(jin)平(ping)新時代中(zhong)(zhong)國特色社會主義思想為指導，全(quan)面(mian)貫徹(che)黨的十(shi)(shi)九大和(he)十(shi)(shi)九屆(jie)歷次(ci)全(quan)會精神，深(shen)入貫徹(che)習(xi)近(jin)平(ping)生態文明思想，堅(jian)持(chi)穩中(zhong)(zhong)求進(jin)工作總(zong)基調，立(li)足新發展階段，完整、準確、全(quan)面(mian)貫徹(che)新發展理念，構(gou)建新發展格局，推(tui)動高質量發展，完善實(shi)施能(neng)源消(xiao)費強度(du)和(he)總(zong)量雙控、主要污染物排(pai)放(fang)總(zong)量控制制度(du)，組織實(shi)施節(jie)(jie)能(neng)減(jian)排(pai)重(zhong)點工程，進(jin)一步健(jian)全(quan)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)減(jian)排(pai)政策(ce)機制，推(tui)動能(neng)源利用效率(lv)大幅(fu)提高、主要污染物排(pai)放(fang)總(zong)量持(chi)續減(jian)少，實(shi)現節(jie)(jie)能(neng)降碳(tan)減(jian)污協同增效、生態環境質量持(chi)續改善，確保完成“十(shi)(shi)四(si)五”節(jie)(jie)能(neng)減(jian)排(pai)目(mu)標，為實(shi)現碳(tan)達峰(feng)、碳(tan)中(zhong)(zhong)和(he)目(mu)標奠(dian)定堅(jian)實(shi)基礎。

《方(fang)案》明確，到2025年(nian)，全國(guo)單位國(guo)內生(sheng)產總(zong)值能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)消耗比2020年(nian)下降13.5%，能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)消費總(zong)量(liang)得(de)到合理(li)控(kong)制，化學(xue)需氧量(liang)、氨氮、氮氧化物、揮發(fa)(fa)性有機物排放總(zong)量(liang)比2020年(nian)分別下降8%、8%、10%以上(shang)、10%以上(shang)。節能(neng)(neng)減排政(zheng)策機制更(geng)加健全，重點行業能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)利用效率和主要污染物排放控(kong)制水平基本達到國(guo)際先(xian)進水平，經濟社(she)會(hui)發(fa)(fa)展綠色轉型(xing)取得(de)顯(xian)著成效。

《方(fang)案》部(bu)署了(le)十(shi)大重(zhong)點工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，包(bao)括(kuo)重(zhong)點行(xing)業綠(lv)色升(sheng)級(ji)工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、園區節能(neng)(neng)環保提升(sheng)工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、城鎮(zhen)綠(lv)色節能(neng)(neng)改(gai)造工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、交通物(wu)流節能(neng)(neng)減排工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、農業農村節能(neng)(neng)減排工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、公共(gong)機構能(neng)(neng)效(xiao)提升(sheng)工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、重(zhong)點區域污染物(wu)減排工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、煤炭清(qing)潔高效(xiao)利(li)用工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、揮發性有機物(wu)綜合(he)整治工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、環境基礎設施水平提升(sheng)工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，明確了(le)具體目標任(ren)務。

十大(da)重點(dian)工程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)減排工程(cheng)是(shi)其中(zhong)(zhong)之(zhi)一。《方案》指出，加快(kuai)(kuai)風(feng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)、太陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)、生(sheng)物質(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)等可(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源在農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業生(sheng)產和農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)生(sheng)活(huo)中(zhong)(zhong)的應(ying)用(yong)，有(you)序推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)清潔取暖。推(tui)(tui)(tui)廣應(ying)用(yong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)用(yong)電動車(che)輛、節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)環保(bao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)機和漁船，發(fa)展(zhan)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業大(da)棚，推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)房節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)改造和綠(lv)色(se)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)房建設。強化農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業面源污染防(fang)治(zhi)，推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)化肥(fei)減量增(zeng)效、秸(jie)稈綜(zong)合(he)利(li)用(yong)，加快(kuai)(kuai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)膜和農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)包裝(zhuang)廢棄(qi)物回收(shou)處(chu)理(li)。深入推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)規模養殖(zhi)場污染治(zhi)理(li)，整縣(xian)推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)畜(chu)禽(qin)糞污資源化利(li)用(yong)。整治(zhi)提(ti)升農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)人居環境，提(ti)高農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)污水垃圾處(chu)理(li)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力，基(ji)本(ben)消除較大(da)面積(ji)的農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)黑臭水體。到(dao)2025年(nian)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)生(sheng)活(huo)污水治(zhi)理(li)率達到(dao)40%，秸(jie)稈綜(zong)合(he)利(li)用(yong)率穩定在86%以(yi)上，主要(yao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)作(zuo)物化肥(fei)、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)利(li)用(yong)率均(jun)達到(dao)43%以(yi)上，畜(chu)禽(qin)糞污綜(zong)合(he)利(li)用(yong)率達到(dao)80%以(yi)上，綠(lv)色(se)防(fang)控(kong)、統(tong)防(fang)統(tong)治(zhi)覆蓋(gai)率分別達到(dao)55%、45%，京津冀及周邊地區大(da)型規模化養殖(zhi)場氨排放(fang)總量削減5%。

《方案》從(cong)八個方面(mian)健(jian)全(quan)政策機(ji)制(zhi)。一是(shi)優(you)化完善(shan)能耗(hao)雙控制(zhi)度。二是(shi)健(jian)全(quan)污染物排放(fang)總量控制(zhi)制(zhi)度。三是(shi)堅決遏(e)制(zhi)高耗(hao)能高排放(fang)項(xiang)目盲目發(fa)展。四(si)是(shi)健(jian)全(quan)法規標(biao)準。五是(shi)完善(shan)經濟政策。六是(shi)完善(shan)市場化機(ji)制(zhi)。七是(shi)加強(qiang)統計監測能力(li)建設。八是(shi)壯大節(jie)能減排人才(cai)隊伍。

《方案》要(yao)求，加強(qiang)組織(zhi)領導(dao)，各(ge)地區、各(ge)部(bu)門和(he)(he)各(ge)有關(guan)單(dan)位要(yao)充分認識節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)減排(pai)(pai)(pai)工(gong)作的(de)(de)重要(yao)性和(he)(he)緊迫(po)性，把思想(xiang)和(he)(he)行動統一到黨中央、國務(wu)院關(guan)于節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)減排(pai)(pai)(pai)的(de)(de)決策部(bu)署上來，堅(jian)持系統觀念(nian)，明確目(mu)標責(ze)任，狠抓工(gong)作落實(shi)。要(yao)強(qiang)化監督考(kao)核(he)，開展(zhan)(zhan)“十四五”省級人民(min)政府節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)減排(pai)(pai)(pai)目(mu)標責(ze)任評價(jia)考(kao)核(he)，科學運用考(kao)核(he)結(jie)果。要(yao)完(wan)善能(neng)(neng)(neng)耗雙控考(kao)核(he)措施，統籌(chou)目(mu)標完(wan)成(cheng)進展(zhan)(zhan)、經濟形(xing)勢及跨(kua)周期因素，優化考(kao)核(he)頻次。繼(ji)續開展(zhan)(zhan)污(wu)染防(fang)治攻堅(jian)戰成(cheng)效考(kao)核(he)。完(wan)善中央生(sheng)態環境保(bao)護督察制度。要(yao)開展(zhan)(zhan)全民(min)行動，深入開展(zhan)(zhan)綠色(se)生(sheng)活創建(jian)行動，增強(qiang)全民(min)節(jie)約意識，倡導(dao)簡約適度、綠色(se)低碳、文明健康的(de)(de)生(sheng)活方式，堅(jian)決抵制和(he)(he)反(fan)對各(ge)種形(xing)式的(de)(de)奢(she)侈浪費(fei)，營造綠色(se)低碳社會風尚。組織(zhi)開展(zhan)(zhan)節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)減排(pai)(pai)(pai)主題(ti)宣傳活動，加大(da)先進節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)減排(pai)(pai)(pai)技(ji)術研發和(he)(he)推廣力度，支持節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)減排(pai)(pai)(pai)公(gong)益事(shi)業，引(yin)導(dao)市場主體、社會公(gong)眾自覺履行節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)減排(pai)(pai)(pai)責(ze)任。