充電樁高價“超時費”是否合理
2024-11-07 廣(guang)州日報 點(dian)擊：次
“充電(dian)費10元，超(chao)時(shi)占位費80元。”日前，廣州(zhou)市區(qu)一位新能源車主在社交平臺發布的(de)充電(dian)賬單引發熱(re)議，不少車主都(dou)表示(shi)有過(guo)因充電(dian)后(hou)沒有及時(shi)開走車子而(er)被充電(dian)樁(zhuang)運(yun)營(ying)方(fang)(fang)收取“超(chao)時(shi)費”的(de)經歷(li)，車主們對此(ci)表示(shi)質疑，認為運(yun)營(ying)方(fang)(fang)單方(fang)(fang)面(mian)制定的(de)超(chao)時(shi)收費標準太高(gao)；律師(shi)也表示(shi)，如果充電(dian)樁(zhuang)運(yun)營(ying)方(fang)(fang)沒有盡(jin)到充分的(de)告知義務(wu)就收取“超(chao)時(shi)費”，則屬于“霸(ba)王條款”，并建議應區(qu)分路段和(he)區(qu)域采取不同收費標準。
不少車主遭遇“充電刺客”
車主付先生最近在廣州(zhou)大道(dao)中(zhong)沿途一(yi)處充電(dian)樁充電(dian)時(shi)，除了(le)(le)電(dian)費10元外，他還被收取了(le)(le)80元的(de)“超(chao)時(shi)費”。付先生表示(shi)(shi)，該充電(dian)樁上(shang)并未公示(shi)(shi)關于(yu)超(chao)時(shi)占位收費的(de)任何(he)信息，僅在手機(ji)APP中(zhong)有小字(zi)提醒(xing)。“我也是在充完電(dian)后(hou)感(gan)到價格異常，查(cha)看訂單后(hou)才發現被收取了(le)(le)超(chao)時(shi)費。”
和(he)付先生類(lei)似，不少新能(neng)源車(che)主都遭遇過“充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)刺(ci)客”。林女(nv)士是某新能(neng)源品(pin)牌車(che)主，今年(nian)5月她去廣州一家商場(chang)(chang)購(gou)物(wu)，當時車(che)子就停在(zai)商場(chang)(chang)地下停車(che)場(chang)(chang)的(de)該(gai)品(pin)牌快充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)站(zhan)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，然(ran)后(hou)她就去商場(chang)(chang)里吃(chi)飯看電(dian)(dian)影了(le)(le)。當時她覺得車(che)子在(zai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)停車(che)，收費(fei)(fei)應該(gai)和(he)一般停車(che)場(chang)(chang)差不多(duo)，但沒想(xiang)到離(li)場(chang)(chang)繳費(fei)(fei)時卻嚇了(le)(le)一跳(tiao)：賬單上2000多(duo)元的(de)“超時占(zhan)位費(fei)(fei)”讓林女(nv)士心痛(tong)不已。自此以后(hou)，她每次給汽車(che)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)都會在(zai)手機上關注進度，一充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)完電(dian)(dian)就立刻(ke)駛(shi)離(li)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)。
車企：“超時費”是為提高充電樁利用率
連日(ri)來記者走(zou)訪廣州(zhou)市內十多(duo)座(zuo)新能(neng)源(yuan)車充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)了(le)解到(dao)，為避免車主將(jiang)車子(zi)停在(zai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)不走(zou)，幾乎所有(you)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)都會收(shou)取超時(shi)占(zhan)位(wei)費(fei)。大多(duo)數充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的常(chang)規(gui)收(shou)費(fei)項目(mu)包括充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)費(fei)、服務費(fei)、停車費(fei)三項，而在(zai)超時(shi)占(zhan)位(wei)費(fei)收(shou)取上，各運營方的措(cuo)施略有(you)差異，其中車企(qi)自建的充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)網絡往往收(shou)費(fei)更高。
近(jin)年來，為(wei)打(da)擊“霸(ba)位(wei)(wei)”行為(wei)，提升充電(dian)(dian)樁的(de)(de)利用率(lv)，不(bu)少新能源車(che)(che)(che)(che)企紛(fen)紛(fen)對其品(pin)牌充電(dian)(dian)樁開收(shou)(shou)超時(shi)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)位(wei)(wei)費(fei)。據特斯拉官網介紹，若(ruo)以最高收(shou)(shou)費(fei)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)計算，一小時(shi)超時(shi)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)位(wei)(wei)費(fei)將達384元(yuan)，且上(shang)不(bu)封頂；而極氪(ke)汽車(che)(che)(che)(che)的(de)(de)充電(dian)(dian)樁，車(che)(che)(che)(che)主在非充電(dian)(dian)狀態(tai)下累(lei)計占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)用充電(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)超過30分(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)后，將按(an)(an)每分(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)1元(yuan)的(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)收(shou)(shou)取超時(shi)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)位(wei)(wei)費(fei)，每次50元(yuan)封頂；小鵬(peng)汽車(che)(che)(che)(che)客服則(ze)表示，其自(zi)營(ying)充電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)會為(wei)充電(dian)(dian)車(che)(che)(che)(che)主提供至(zhi)少1小時(shi)的(de)(de)免費(fei)停(ting)車(che)(che)(che)(che)優惠。若(ruo)車(che)(che)(che)(che)輛在非充電(dian)(dian)狀態(tai)下占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)用超過規定(ding)時(shi)間，則(ze)按(an)(an)1元(yuan)/分(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)收(shou)(shou)取超時(shi)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)位(wei)(wei)費(fei)；蔚來汽車(che)(che)(che)(che)客服則(ze)表示，其自(zi)營(ying)充電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)超時(shi)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)用費(fei)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)為(wei)0.5元(yuan)/分(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)，若(ruo)充電(dian)(dian)結束后15分(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)內仍未將車(che)(che)(che)(che)挪(nuo)走將開始計費(fei)，上(shang)限每次50元(yuan)。
律師：“超時費”應分情況對待
廣東法海律師(shi)事(shi)務(wu)所主(zhu)任唐紅炬表示，超時占位費(fei)(fei)的(de)(de)收取(qu)必須公開(kai)透明(ming)。“如(ru)果充(chong)電樁(zhuang)運營方(fang)沒有盡到明(ming)確(que)的(de)(de)告知義務(wu)就(jiu)(jiu)收取(qu)高價超時費(fei)(fei)，那(nei)這種做法就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)‘霸王條款(kuan)’，消費(fei)(fei)者可依(yi)法維(wei)護自身合法權益。”他認為，運營方(fang)應(ying)(ying)該(gai)區分不同的(de)(de)區域(yu)(yu)和路(lu)段(duan)設置不同的(de)(de)收費(fei)(fei)標準：“對于充(chong)電樁(zhuang)比較緊缺的(de)(de)區域(yu)(yu)，收取(qu)超時費(fei)(fei)的(de)(de)標準可以高一(yi)些，但如(ru)果某(mou)一(yi)地(di)區的(de)(de)充(chong)電樁(zhuang)并不緊缺，車(che)(che)主(zhu)充(chong)完電后沒有及時將車(che)(che)開(kai)走(zou)也并不影響其他車(che)(che)主(zhu)充(chong)電，那(nei)就(jiu)(jiu)不應(ying)(ying)該(gai)收取(qu)超時費(fei)(fei)。”
業內人士：建議相關部門引導企業合理制定超時費標準
廣州市停車場行(xing)業協會會長李緒進(jin)表示，隨著新(xin)能源(yuan)汽車數量的快速增(zeng)長，現(xian)有(you)的充電(dian)(dian)樁供需不平衡問題也進(jin)一步突出，公(gong)共充電(dian)(dian)樁被未充電(dian)(dian)車輛占用(yong)的情(qing)況時(shi)有(you)發生。“為(wei)了(le)提高充電(dian)(dian)樁利用(yong)率，近年來開收超時(shi)占位費(fei)的新(xin)能源(yuan)車企和充電(dian)(dian)站越(yue)(yue)來越(yue)(yue)多，主要(yao)是通過(guo)(guo)經濟(ji)手段(duan)來進(jin)行(xing)調解。不過(guo)(guo)部(bu)分充電(dian)(dian)樁收的超時(shi)費(fei)用(yong)確實(shi)有(you)些偏高。”
他表示，雖然收(shou)取超時(shi)占位(wei)費(fei)(fei)的初衷是(shi)(shi)好的，企(qi)業也(ye)有權自主制定合(he)適(shi)的收(shou)費(fei)(fei)標準，但若費(fei)(fei)用過高也(ye)不合(he)理。“想要解決充(chong)電(dian)站(zhan)停車(che)位(wei)被占用的問題，也(ye)不能光靠收(shou)超時(shi)占位(wei)費(fei)(fei)，還(huan)要統籌(chou)考慮(lv)充(chong)電(dian)站(zhan)的建設進度(du)和分布，持續增加(jia)充(chong)電(dian)樁供(gong)給，不論是(shi)(shi)公共充(chong)電(dian)樁還(huan)是(shi)(shi)私(si)人充(chong)電(dian)樁都要加(jia)快建設，為(wei)車(che)主提(ti)供(gong)更(geng)便捷的充(chong)電(dian)服(fu)務。”
他同時表示(shi)，目前充電(dian)樁超(chao)時占位費的收(shou)取標(biao)準(zhun)主(zhu)要由運營方自己來定，價格標(biao)準(zhun)比較隨意，建議(yi)相關部(bu)門引(yin)導企業合理制定超(chao)時占位費的收(shou)費標(biao)準(zhun)。
記(ji)者了解到，目前國(guo)內其(qi)他城(cheng)市也(ye)相(xiang)繼對充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)樁的超時停車(che)(che)(che)收費(fei)問(wen)題(ti)進行規(gui)范(fan)。如《上海市公(gong)共停車(che)(che)(che)場（庫）充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)施(shi)建設(she)(she)管(guan)理辦法》指出，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)車(che)(che)(che)輛(liang)在(zai)專(zhuan)用(yong)(yong)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)停車(che)(che)(che)位(wei)(wei)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)完成后未能及時駛(shi)離(li)的，可以按照(zhao)公(gong)平(ping)合(he)理的原(yuan)則自主制定(ding)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)施(shi)占(zhan)用(yong)(yong)收費(fei)標準，鼓勵充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)專(zhuan)用(yong)(yong)停車(che)(che)(che)位(wei)(wei)安裝智(zhi)能地(di)鎖，開展預約充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)業務；北京市新版《電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)(che)(che)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站運營管(guan)理規(gui)范(fan)》中提出，對占(zhan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車(che)(che)(che)泊位(wei)(wei)和在(zai)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)完成后超過一(yi)個(ge)計(ji)時單位(wei)(wei)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車(che)(che)(che)，停車(che)(che)(che)場可以在(zai)單位(wei)(wei)時間收取最高(gao)不超過普通車(che)(che)(che)位(wei)(wei)150%的費(fei)用(yong)(yong)。
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